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| report:sus [2026/04/12 20:34] – [5.3 Economical] team4 | report:sus [2026/04/23 11:44] (current) – [5.5 Life Cycle Analysis] team4 |
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| | <color #ed1c24>This section cites 3 references only.</color> |
| ==== 5.1 Introduction ==== | ==== 5.1 Introduction ==== |
| This chapter examines the environmental, economic and social dimensions of the project, as well as the product’s life cycle, in order to assess its overall sustainability. The aim is to highlight the considerations taken to minimize negative environmental impacts when introducing artificial structures into marine ecosystems. | This chapter examines the environmental, economic and social dimensions of the project, as well as the product’s life cycle, in order to assess its overall sustainability. The aim is to highlight the considerations taken to minimize negative environmental impacts when introducing artificial structures into marine ecosystems. |
| ==== 5.2 Environmental === | ==== 5.2 Environmental === |
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| This section considers the environmental impact of the project using principles inspired by the butterfly diagram, a model that represents circular material flows. The model distinguishes between biological processes, where materials safely integrate into natural systems, and technical processes, where products are maintained, reused, and recycled to extend their lifespan. (See Figure {{ref>fig:Butterfly}}). | This section considers the environmental impact of the project using principles inspired by the butterfly diagram, a model that represents circular material flows [(ellenmacarthur_butterfly_diagram)]. The model distinguishes between biological processes, where materials safely integrate into natural systems, and technical processes, where products are maintained, reused, and recycled to extend their lifespan (see Figure {{ref>fig:Butterfly}}). |
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| The MARIS HABITATS concept reflects these principles by combining long-term environmental integration with efficient use of technical components. From a biological perspective, the habitat is designed to function as part of the marine ecosystem over time. The use of non-toxic and durable materials allows marine organisms such as algae and microorganisms to attach and grow on the structure, gradually transforming it into an artificial reef. In this way, the structure contributes positively to biodiversity rather than becoming waste. | The MARIS HABITATS concept reflects these principles by combining long-term environmental integration with efficient use of technical components. From a biological perspective, the habitat is designed to function as part of the marine ecosystem over time. The use of non-toxic and durable materials allows marine organisms such as algae and microorganisms to attach and grow on the structure, gradually transforming it into an artificial reef. In this way, the structure contributes positively to biodiversity rather than becoming waste. |
| ==== 5.3 Economical ==== | ==== 5.3 Economical ==== |
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| The economic aspect of the Maris Habitats is mainly related to the long-term benefits that can be created through ecosystem restoration and its integration with existing marine infrastructure. By improving marine biodiversity and supporting the growth of fish populations, the system can help increase fishery productivity over time. This can bring direct economic benefits to local communities that depend on fishing as a source of income and food. | The economic aspect of MARIS HABITATS is mainly related to the long-term benefits created through ecosystem restoration and its integration with existing marine infrastructure. By improving marine biodiversity and supporting the growth of fish populations, the system contributes to increased fishery productivity over time. This can generate direct economic benefits for local communities that depend on fishing as a source of income and food. |
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| In addition, previous studies have shown that artificial reefs can increase fish biomass and support the development of fisheries, which can lead to economic improvements in coastal areas [(Artificial Reef Preparation)]. This means that the impact of the project is not limited to the fishing sector, but can also extend to other activities such as tourism and marine-related services. | Previous studies have shown that artificial reefs can increase fish biomass and support the development of fisheries, which can lead to economic improvements in coastal areas [(Artificial reef preparation)]. In this project, this principle is applied through the design of habitat structures that provide shelter and breeding areas for marine species. |
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| Another important point is that the system can be used together with existing structures, such as offshore wind farms or coastal protection systems. Instead of building completely new infrastructure, this approach makes it possible to use what already exists and add ecological functions to it. In this way, costs can be reduced while still achieving environmental benefits. | The system is also designed to be integrated with existing marine infrastructure, such as offshore wind farms or coastal protection systems. This approach avoids the need for completely new structures and allows existing installations to be enhanced with ecological functions, improving resource efficiency. |
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| The use of sensors also adds an extra layer of value to the project. The data collected from the system can be useful for research, environmental monitoring, and decision-making processes. Over time, this can help improve how marine resources are managed and may reduce unnecessary costs caused by inefficient management. | The integration of sensors adds an additional layer of economic value. The system continuously collects environmental data, which can be used for research, monitoring, and decision-making. In this project, this data supports more efficient management of marine resources and can help reduce costs associated with poor environmental monitoring. |
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| Another economic advantage of the project is its modular and scalable design. Since the habitat units can be deployed gradually and adapted to different marine environments, the system does not require full-scale investment at the initial stage. This makes pilot implementation more realistic and allows costs to be distributed over time. | Another important aspect is the modular and scalable design of the system. Habitat units can be deployed gradually and adapted to different marine environments, reducing the need for large initial investments. This allows pilot implementations to be carried out before full-scale deployment. |
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| The modular monitoring system also helps reduce maintenance and operational costs. Instead of replacing the entire structure when technical issues occur, only specific components need to be repaired, upgraded, or replaced. This improves long-term efficiency and helps avoid unnecessary expenses. | The modular monitoring system also contributes to lower maintenance costs. Instead of replacing the entire structure in case of failure, only specific components need to be repaired or replaced. This improves operational efficiency and reduces long-term costs. |
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| In addition, the project has the potential to benefit from collaboration with public institutions, research organizations, and environmental programs. As marine restoration and biodiversity protection are becoming more important in sustainability policies, the project may be supported through grants, pilot funding, or public-private partnerships. This can improve the economic feasibility of both initial deployment and future expansion. | In addition, the project can benefit from collaboration with public institutions, research organizations, and environmental programs. Marine restoration and biodiversity protection are increasingly supported by sustainability policies and funding initiatives [(DEUTZ2020)]. This creates opportunities for financial support through grants and public-private partnerships. |
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| Even though the initial investment may be relatively high, the long-term benefits of the project are expected to be higher than these costs. These benefits include improved ecosystem services, increased fish production, and better protection of coastal areas. For these reasons, the Maris Habitats can be considered not only environmentally sustainable, but also economically viable in the long run. | Although the initial investment may be relatively high, the long-term benefits are expected to outweigh these costs. These benefits include improved ecosystem services, increased fish production, and enhanced coastal protection [(COSNTANZA2014)]. For this reason, MARIS HABITATS can be considered not only environmentally sustainable, but also economically viable in the long term. |
| ==== 5.4 Social ==== | ==== 5.4 Social ==== |
| The project contributes to social sustainability by supporting marine ecosystems that are vital to the livelihoods and well-being of coastal communities. Healthier fish populations can enhance food security, strengthen local economies, and promote sustainable fishing practices. | The project contributes to social sustainability by supporting marine ecosystems that are vital to the livelihoods and well-being of coastal communities. Healthier fish populations can enhance food security, strengthen local economies, and promote sustainable fishing practices. |
| The integration of environmental sensors facilitates the collection of valuable data that can be used for research, education, and public awareness. This supports knowledge sharing and fosters innovation within marine science and environmental management. | The integration of environmental sensors facilitates the collection of valuable data that can be used for research, education, and public awareness. This supports knowledge sharing and fosters innovation within marine science and environmental management. |
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| The project aligns with the principles of inclusive and collaborative development, particularly in relation to Sustainable Development Goal 17 (Partnerships for the Goals) [(un_sdg17)]. Promoting cooperation between governments, research institutions, local communities, and environmental organizations, the project fosters a collaborative approach that strengthens shared responsibility and encourages collective action. The active involvement of local stakeholders in the planning, implementation, and monitoring processes enhances transparency, builds trust, and ensures that the project reflects community needs and values. Such participatory practices are essential for achieving long-term social acceptance and sustainability. | The project aligns with the principles of inclusive and collaborative development, particularly in relation to Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 17 (Partnerships for the Goals) [(un_sdg17)]. Promoting cooperation between governments, research institutions, local communities, and environmental organizations, the project fosters a collaborative approach that strengthens shared responsibility and encourages collective action. The active involvement of local stakeholders in the planning, implementation, and monitoring processes enhances transparency, builds trust, and ensures that the project reflects community needs and values. Such participatory practices are essential for achieving long-term social acceptance and sustainability. |
| ==== 5.5 Life Cycle Analysis ==== | ==== 5.5 Life Cycle Analysis ==== |
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| The life cycle of the project is considered from material selection to end-of-life, with the aim of minimizing environmental impact while ensuring long-term functionality and sustainability. | The life cycle of the project is considered from material selection to end-of-life, with the aim of minimizing environmental impact while ensuring long-term functionality. |
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| In the material phase, the project prioritizes environmentally responsible and durable materials. The selected solution is based on basalt fiber-reinforced concrete. Basalt fibers are derived from natural volcanic rock and are described as non-corrosive and chemically stable in saline environments. This makes them suitable for marine applications where long-term durability is required. Electronic components, including ESP32-based sensors, are evaluated in terms of energy efficiency, reliability, and lifespan. | In this project, the material phase focuses on selecting environmentally responsible and durable materials. The proposed solution uses basalt fiber-reinforced concrete. Basalt fibers are derived from natural volcanic rock and are known for their resistance to corrosion and chemical stability in saline environments, making them suitable for marine conditions [(FIORE2015)]. Electronic components, including the microcontroller, are also selected based on energy efficiency, reliability, and expected lifespan. |
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| During the manufacturing phase, the habitat structure is built and the sensor system is integrated while aiming to reduce energy consumption and resource use. Efficient production methods are emphasized to lower the overall environmental footprint. | During the manufacturing phase, the habitat structure is produced and the sensor system is integrated. In this project, the structure is designed to be manufactured using relatively simple casting processes, which helps reduce energy use and material waste. |
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| The testing phase involves validating both the structural performance of the habitat and the functionality of the sensor system. Special attention is given to energy efficiency, long battery life, and reliable data collection, which helps reduce the need for maintenance. | The testing phase involves validating both the structural performance of the habitat and the functionality of the sensor system. In this project, particular attention is given to energy consumption, battery life, and reliable data collection, as these factors directly influence maintenance requirements. |
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| The design also considers structural resilience and long-term environmental integration. The habitat is intentionally designed with varied shapes and surface features to support marine colonization and ecological functionality. This ensures that the habitat continues to function even if parts of the structure degrade over time. | The structure is also designed for long-term environmental integration. Its geometry includes cavities and irregular surfaces that support marine colonization, allowing the habitat to remain functional even if some parts degrade over time. |
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| The monitoring system is separated from the main structure through a modular component that contains all sensors. This unit can be retrieved for maintenance, data collection, or replacement without disturbing the habitat. By isolating electronic components from the permanent structure, the design reduces the risk of long-term pollution. | To reduce environmental risks, the monitoring system is designed as a separate modular unit containing the sensors. This unit can be retrieved for maintenance, data collection, or replacement without disturbing the main structure. By separating the electronic components from the permanent habitat, the design reduces the risk of long-term pollution. |
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| At the end-of-life stage, the structure is intended to remain in the marine environment and gradually integrate into the ecosystem, functioning as an artificial reef. Instead of becoming waste, the structure contributes positively to biodiversity. Electronic components can be removed, reused, or redeployed in new systems, supporting more efficient use of resources. | At the end-of-life stage, the structure is intended to remain in the marine environment and gradually integrate into the ecosystem, functioning as an artificial reef. Instead of becoming waste, it continues to support biodiversity [(SELLA2015)]. The electronic components can be removed and reused or redeployed in new systems, contributing to more efficient resource use. |
| ==== 5.6 Summary ==== | ==== 5.6 Summary ==== |
| This chapter has examined the environmental, economic, and social dimensions of the project, together with a lifecycle perspective, in order to evaluate its overall sustainability. The analysis highlights the importance of minimizing environmental impact while ensuring long-term functionality, economic viability, and social value. | This chapter has examined the environmental, economic, and social dimensions of the project, together with a lifecycle perspective, in order to evaluate its overall sustainability. The analysis highlights the importance of minimizing environmental impact while ensuring long-term functionality, economic viability, and social value. |